1.【2024·新課標全國I】A

　　Monthly Talks at London Canal Museum

　　Our monthly talks start at 19:30 on the first Thursday of each month except August. Admission is at normal charges and you don’t need to book. They end around 21:00.

　　November 7th

　　The Canal Pioneers, by Chris Lewis. James Brindley is recognized as one of the leading early canal engineers. He was also a major player in training others in the art of canal planning and building. Chris Lewis will explain how Brindley made such a positive contribution to the education of that group of early “civil engineers”.

　　December 5th

　　Ice for the Metropolis, by Malcolm Tucker. Well before the arrival of freezers, there was a demand for ice for food preservation and catering, Malcolm will explain the history of importing natural ice and the technology of building ice wells, and how London’s ice trade grew.

　　February 6th

　　An Update on the Cotsword Canals, by Liz Payne. The Stroudwater Canal is moving towards reopening. The Thames and Severn Canal will take a little longer. We will have a report on the present state of play.

　　March 6th

　　Eyots and Aits -Thames Islands, by Miranda Vickers. The Thames has many islands. Miranda has undertaken a review of all of them. She will tell us about those of greatest interest.

　　Online bookings:www.canalmuseum.org.uk/book

　　More info: www.canalmuseum.org.uk/whatson

　　London Canal Museum

　　12-13 New Wharf Road, London NI 9RT

　　www.canalmuseum.org.uk

　　www.canalmuseum.mobi

　　Tel:020 77130836

　　21. When is the talk on James Brindley?

　　A. February 6th.

　　B. March 6th.

　　C. November 7th.

　　D. December 5th.

　　22.

　　What is the topic of the talk in February?

　　A. The Canal Pioneers.

　　B. Ice for the Metropolis

　　C. Eyots and Aits- Thames Islands

　　D. An Update on the Cotsword Canals

　　23.

　　Who will give the talk on the islands in the Thames.

　　A. Miranda Vickers

　　B. Malcolm Tucker

　　C. Chris Lewis

　　D. Liz Payne

　　【答案】

　　21. C

　　22. D

　　23. A

　　【解析】

　　試題分析：文章主要介紹了在倫敦運河博物館每個月的講座安排。內(nèi)容包括講座的時間、做講座的人以及講座的內(nèi)容簡介等。

　　【考點定位】廣告布告類短文閱讀

　　【名師點睛】本篇文章是一篇應用文。文章整體閱讀難度較低，所設題目均為考查細節(jié)理解題，考生只需通過關(guān)鍵詞定位可得出答案。如21題抓住關(guān)鍵詞“James Brindley”，22題抓住關(guān)鍵詞“February”，23題抓住關(guān)鍵詞“Thames”。考生做此類閱讀理解時可以先從其問題著手，帶著問題的關(guān)鍵詞到原文中找出相對應的部分，然后通過對照和比較，就不難選出正確答案。

　　2.【2024·新課標全國II】D

　　Choose Your One-Day-Tours!

　　Tour A - Bath &Stonehenge: including entrance fees to the ancient Roman bathrooms and Stonehenge -￡37 until 26 March and ￡39 thereafter.

　　Visit the city with over 2,000 years of history and Bath Abbey, the Royal Crescent and the Costume Museum, Stonehenge is one of the world's most famous prehistoric monuments dating back over 5,000 years.

　　Tour B - Oxford & Startford

　　including entrance fees to the University St Mary's Church Tower and Anne Hathaway's -￡32 until 12 March and ￡36 thereafter

　　Oxford: Includes a guided tour of England's oldest university city and colleges. Look over the "city of dreaming spires(尖頂）"from St Mary’s Church Tower. Stratford: Includes a guided tour exploring much of the Shakespeare wonder.

　　Tour C - Windsor Castle &Hampton Court including entrance fees to Hampton Court Palace -￡34 until 11 March and ￡37 thereafter.

　　Includes a guided tour of Windsor and Hampton Court, Henry VILL's favorite palace. Free time to visit Windsor Castle(entrance fees not included).With 500 years of history, Hampton Court was once the home of four Kings and one Queen. Now this former royal palace is open to the public as a major tourist attraction. Visit the palace and its various historic gardens, which include the famous maze(迷宮)where it is easy to get lost!

　　Tour D -Cambridge including entrance fees to the Tower of Saint Mary the Great -￡33 until 18 March and ￡37 thereafter.

　　Includes a guided tour of Cambridge, the famous university town, and the gardens of the 18th century.

　　33. Which tour will you choose if you want to see England’s oldest university city?

　　Tour A

　　Tour B

　　Tour C

　　Tour D

　　34. Which of the following tours charges the lowest fee on 17 March?

　　Windsor Castle & Hampton Court

　　Oxford & Stratford

　　Bath & Stonehenge

　　Cambridge

　　35. Why is Hampton Court a major tourist attraction?

　　It used to be the home of royal families

　　It used to be a well-known maze

　　It is the oldest palace in Britain

　　It is a world-famous castle

　　【答案】

　　33. B

　　34. D

　　35. A

　　【解析】

　　試題分析：本文介紹了四個旅游目的地。從價格到參觀的內(nèi)容，說明非常詳細，四個地方都以英國的游覽勝地為主。

　　33.B 細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)原文Tour B中Oxford：Included a guided tour of England’s oldest university and colleges可知，本次活動包括參觀牛津大學城和學校，牛津大學是英國最古老的大學，所以要想看英國最古老的大學城就選B。

　　35.A細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)With 500 years of history, Hampton was once the home of four Kings and one Queen Now this former royal palace is open to the public as a major tourist attraction.判斷，人們?nèi)⒂^的主要原因是因為這是有著500年歷史的前皇家宮殿，答案為A。

　　【考點定位】廣告類短文閱讀。

　　【名師點睛】本文是廣告類閱讀。廣告類的題其實只要我們根據(jù)問題去找答案就可以，因為題目基本上都是細節(jié)理解題。本題中第34小題需要做一些理解和對比。一方面對價格的理解要準確，另一方面要知道題目問的是哪一天價格最低，這樣，實際上需要一個對比才能完成得好。

　　3.【2024·浙江】C

　　If humans were truly at home under the light of the moon and stars，we would go in darkness happily，the midnight world as visible to us as it is to the vast number of nocturnal(夜間活動的) species on this planet. Instead，we are diurnal creatures, with eyes adapted to living in the sun’s light. This is a basic evolutionary fact, even though most of us don’t think of ourselves as diurnal beings. Yet it’s the only way to explain what we’ve done to the night: We’ve engineered it to

　　receive us by filling it with light.

　　The benefits of this kind of engineering come with consequences 一 called light pollution 一 whose effects scientists are only now beginning to study. Light pollution is largely the result of bad

　　lighting design，which allows artificial light to shine outward and upward into the sky. III-designed lighting washes out the darkness of night and completely changes the light levels 一 and light

　　rhythms — to which many forms of life, including, ourselves, have adapted. Wherever human light spills into the natural world, some aspect or life is affected .

　　In most cities the sky looks as though it has been emptied of stars, leaving behind a vacant haze(霾) that mirrors our fear of the dark. We’ve grown so used to this orange haze that the original glory of an unlit nigh, - dark enough for the planet Venus to throw shadow on Earth, is wholly beyond our experience, beyond memory almost.

　　We’ve lit up the night as if it were an unoccupied country, when nothing could be further form the truth. Among mammals alone, the number of nocturnal species is astonishing, Light is a powerful biological force, and on many species it acts as a magnet(磁鐵). The effect is so powerful that scientists speak of songbirds and seabirds being “captured” by searchlights on land or by the light from gas flares on marine oil platforms. Migrating at night, birds tend to collide with brightly lit tall buildings.

　　Frogs living near brightly lit highways suffer nocturnal light levels that are as much as a million times righter than normal, throwing nearly every aspect of their behavior out of joint including most other creatures ,we do need darkness .Darkness is as essential to our biological welfare, to our internal clockwork, as light itself.

　　Living in a glare of our making,we have cut ourselves off from our evolutionary and cultural heritage—the light of the stars and the rhythms of day and night .In a very real sense light pollution causes us to lose sight of our true place in the universe, to forget the scale of our being, which is best measured against the dimensions of a deep night with the Milky Way—the edge of our galaxy arching overhead.

　　50.

　　According to the passage, human being

　　.

　　A. prefer to live in the darkness

　　B. are used to living in the day light

　　C. were curious about the midnight world

　　D. had to stay at home with the light of the moon

　　51. What does “it”(Paragraph 1) most probably refer to?

　　A. The night.

　　B. The moon

　　C. The sky

　　D. The planet

　　52. The writer mentions birds and frogs to

　　.

　　A. provide examples of animal protection

　　B. show how light pollution affects animals

　　C. compare the living habits of both species

　　D. explain why the number of certain species has declined

　　53. It is implied in the last paragraph that

　　.

　　A. light pollution dose harm to the eyesight of animals

　　B. light pollution has destroyed some of the world heritages

　　C. human beings cannot go to the outer space

　　D. human beings should reflect on their position in the universe

　　54. What might be the best title for the passage?

　　A. The Magic light.

　　B. The Orange Haze.

　　C. The Disappearing Night.

　　D. The Rhythms of Nature.

　　【解析】

　　試題分析：文章介紹了光污染對于動物和人類的影響，呼吁我們反思我們的行為。

　　52. B 寫作目的題 根據(jù)第二段第一句話” The benefits of this kind of engineering come with consequences 這項工程帶來好處的同時也帶來了壞處“和最后一句，“Wherever human light spills into the natural world, some aspect of life is affected“,

　　此句意為無論光灑在什么地方，生活都會受到一些影響。show how light pollution affects animals說明光污染影響的動物

　　54. C 標題題，根據(jù)，文章出現(xiàn)最多的就是light和night, 我們可以知道答案是C。之所以不選A，是因為它所使用的形容詞Magic意思是奇幻的，。而C選項的disappearing 是消失的，。

　　【考點定位】這是一篇夾敘夾議的文章

　　【名師點睛】對于這種文章，一定要讀懂作者的觀點是什么？留意作者看法的用詞，即是文章所使用的形容詞是支持還是反對。ed to living in the sun’s light.如果人類真的在家里的月亮和星星的光下，我們會在黑暗中快樂，午夜的世界，我們可見的是夜間的大量在這個星球上的物種。相反，我們是日行動物，眼睛適應了太陽的光線。”

　　4.【2024·新課標全國I】D

　　Conflict is on the menu tonight at the café La Chope. This evening, as on every Thursday night, psychologist Maud Lehanne is leading two of France’s favorite pastimes, coffee drinking and the “talking cure”. Here they are learning to get in touch with their true feelings. It isn’t always easy. They customers - some thirty Parisians who pay just under $2 (plus drinks) per session - care quick to intellectualize (高談闊論)，slow to open up and connect. “You are forbidden to say ‘one feels,’ or ‘people think’,” Lehane told them. “Say ‘I think,’ ‘Think me’.”

　　A café society where no intellectualizing is allowed? It couldn’t seem more un-French. But Lehanne’s psychology café is about more than knowing oneself: It’s trying to help the city’s troubled neighborhood cafes. Over the years, Parisian cafes have fallen victim to changes in the French lifestyle - longer working hours, a fast food boom and a younger generation’s desire to spend more time at home. Dozens of new theme cafes appear to change the situation. Cafes focused around psychology, history, and engineering are catching on, filling tables well into the evening.

　　The city’s psychology cafes, which offer great comfort, are among the most popular places. Middle-aged homemakers, retirees, and the unemployed come to such cafes to talk about love, anger, and dreams with a psychologist. And they come to Lehanne’s group just to learn to say what they feel. “There’s a strong need in Paris for communication,” says Maurice Frisch, a cafe La Chope regular who works as a religious instructor in a nearby church. “People have few real friends. And they need to open up.” Lehanne says she’d like to see psychology cafes all over France. “If people had normal lives, these cafes wouldn’t exist”, she says, “If life weren’t a battle, people wouldn’t need a special place just to speak.” But them, it wouldn’t be France.

　　32. What are people encouraged to do at the cafe La Chope?

　　A. Learn a new subject

　　B. Keep in touch with friends.

　　C. Show off their knowledge.

　　D. Express their true feelings.

　　33. How are cafes affected by French lifestyle changes?

　　A. They are less frequently visited.

　　B. They stay open for longer hours.

　　C. They have bigger night crowds.

　　D. They start to serve fast food.

　　34. What are theme cafes expected to do?

　　A. Create more jobs.

　　B. Supply better drinks.

　　C. Save the cafe business.

　　D. Serve the neighborhood.

　　35. Why are psychology cafes becoming popular in Paris?

　　A. They bring people true friendship.

　　B. They give people spiritual support.

　　C. They help people realize their dreams.

　　D. They offer a platform for business links.

　　【答案】

　　32. D

　　33. A

　　34. C

　　35. B

　　【解析】

　　試題分析：文章主要講述了法國精神咖啡館（psychology?cafes）的社會意義和功能特色，以及在法國越來越受歡迎。

　　35. B 推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段第一句話“If people had normal lives, these cafes would’t exist”, she says,”If life weren’t a battle, people wouln’t need a special place just to speak.” But them, it wouldn’t be France.可知心理咖啡館在巴黎受歡迎的原因在于他們給予人們精神上的支持。故選B。

　　【考點定位】社會類短文閱讀

　　【名師點睛】這是一篇社會類短文閱讀。難度中等偏上，學生不易讀懂。但是第32和33題均為考查細節(jié)理解題，問題設計比較簡單，考生只需通過關(guān)鍵詞定位即可得出答案。其中第34和35題需要在原文的內(nèi)容的基礎(chǔ)之上作出推理，才能判斷出正確的答案。考生做此類閱讀時要注意前后之間的聯(lián)系與對比，選擇答案時切不可以以偏概全。

　　5.【2024·湖北卷】D

　　The oddness of life in space never quite goes away. Here are some examples.

　　First consider something as simple as sleep. Its position presents its own challenges. The main question is whether you want your arms inside or outside the sleeping bag. If you leave your arms out, they float free in zero gravity, often giving a sleeping astronaut the look of a funny balled （芭蕾）dancer. “I’m an inside guy,” Mike Hopkins says, who returned from a six-month tour on the International Space Station. “I like to be wrapped up.”

　　On the station, the ordinary becomes strange. The exercise bike for the American astronauts has no handlebars. It also has no seat. With no gravity, it’s just as easy to pedal violently. You can watch a movie while you pedal by floating a microcomputer anywhere you want. But station residents have to be careful about staying in one place too long. Without gravity to help circulate air, the carbon dioxide you exhale (呼氣) has a tendency to form an invisible （隱形的）cloud around you head. You can end up with what astronauts call a carbon-dioxide headache.