Fiat and Italy

　　菲亞特和意大利

　　Arrivederci, Italia?

　　拜拜，意大利?

　　Italy worries that its biggest manufacturer mayleave

　　意大利擔(dān)心它最大的制造企業(yè)可能離開(kāi)

　　Will they drum Fiat out of Italy?

　　他們抗議的鼓聲會(huì)讓菲亞特搬出意大利嗎?

　　DUTY, history, and responsibility are what keep Fiat, Italy s biggest private-sectoremployer, based at home.

　　義務(wù)、歷史和責(zé)任是讓菲亞特，這個(gè)意大利最大的私營(yíng)企業(yè)雇主留在意大利的原因。

　　Running counter to such fine notions, said the carmaker s boss, Sergio Marchionne, earlierthis year, is Fiat s need to make decisions rationally.

　　這家汽車制造商的老板馬爾喬內(nèi)今年早些時(shí)候說(shuō)，菲亞特需要背離這些良好信念從而做出理性抉擇。

　　It has lost money in Italy for years.

　　菲亞特在意國(guó)內(nèi)虧損已經(jīng)有些年了。

　　It expects things to get worse as sales slump at home.

　　隨著本土銷量萎縮，它預(yù)計(jì)情況還會(huì)更糟。

　　Small wonder that the countryregularly goes into hysteria over whether Fiat will stay.

　　小部分人感嘆在菲亞特去留的問(wèn)題上該國(guó)經(jīng)常抓狂。

　　Its takeover of Chrysler, an American carmaker, is one reason to worry.

　　菲亞特對(duì)美國(guó)汽車企業(yè)克萊斯勒的收購(gòu)是擔(dān)心的一個(gè)原因。

　　Fiat has not decided whether the combined group s headquarters will be in Turin or Detroit.

　　菲亞特還沒(méi)決定合并后的公司總部設(shè)在都靈還是底特律。

　　That may involve little more than a plaque on the wall, as the company argues.

　　該公司聲稱這事就同如何在墻上掛牌匾一樣無(wú)關(guān)宏旨。

　　But Fiat s manufacturing presence in Italy is under threat too.

　　但其在意大利的制造部門也面臨威脅。

　　Despite earning two-thirds of its revenues abroad, it still has almost half its employees and40% of its plants in Italy.

　　盡管2/3的營(yíng)收來(lái)自國(guó)外，菲亞特仍有半數(shù)的員工和40%的工廠在意大利。

　　Mr Marchionne has repeatedly threatened to shutter Italian capacity if he cannot make itproductive.

　　馬爾喬內(nèi)已經(jīng)很多次威脅說(shuō)如果不能使其充分發(fā)揮效率，他就要縮減在意大利的產(chǎn)能。

　　On October 20th Consob, Italy s stockmarket regulator, demanded details of a 2010 plancalled Fabbrica Italia, in which Fiat promised to invest 16 billion in its Italian plants over fouryears in return for new agreements on working conditions.

　　10月20日，意大利證監(jiān)機(jī)構(gòu) Consob 索要了2010年一份叫做意大利制造的計(jì)劃的詳細(xì)資料，這份計(jì)劃中菲亞特承諾4年內(nèi)向其意大利工廠投資160億歐元，以換取新的工作狀況的協(xié)議。

　　As part of this plan, it is repatriating production of the Panda, a small car, from Poland.

　　作為計(jì)劃的一部分，菲亞特將把一款小車Panda從波蘭搬回國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)。

　　But Fiat has also changed some elements:

　　但它也改了一些內(nèi)容：

　　two prestigious models it was going to bring to its Mirafiori plant in Turin will be replacedwith smaller cars.

　　原打算在都靈Mirafiori工廠生產(chǎn)的兩款受歡迎的車型將被較小的車型取代。

　　Fiat rejected Consob s demands for more detail on the plan and attacked the regulator forasking for it publicly.

　　菲亞特拒絕了Consob提出的提供更多該計(jì)劃細(xì)節(jié)的要求，并對(duì)此其公開(kāi)索要的行為進(jìn)行抨擊。

　　Maurizio Landini, secretary-general of Fiom-Cgil, a metalworkers union which has foughthard against Fiat s new working conditions, says his main fear is that Fabbrica Italia onlyexists on paper.

　　五金工人聯(lián)合會(huì)Fiom-Cgil強(qiáng)烈反對(duì)菲亞特的新工作狀況，該組織秘書(shū)長(zhǎng)Landini說(shuō)他主要擔(dān)心意大利制造將只是一紙空文。

　　He claims that Fiat is basing the development of its most innovative future projects, such ashybrid and electric cars, in America.

　　他聲稱菲亞特正把其最有創(chuàng)造力的未來(lái)項(xiàng)目，如混合動(dòng)力和電動(dòng)車，的發(fā)展放在美國(guó)。

　　Fiat s Italian plants are 15-20% less efficient than those of competitors elsewhere in Europe.

　　菲亞特意大利工廠比歐洲其它競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手的效率低15-20%。

　　Its Polish, Serbian and Turkish plants run at more than 70% of their capacity, whereasItalian ones run at 33%.

　　其在波蘭、塞爾維亞和土耳其的工廠的生產(chǎn)率超過(guò)產(chǎn)能的70%，而意大利的工廠只有33%。

　　Flexibility has been the firm s main problem.

　　靈活性成了該公司最大的問(wèn)題。

　　For example, if a car on one production line sold badly and a model on another line sold wellFiat could not move workers across under the old rules.

　　舉例來(lái)說(shuō)，如果一條生產(chǎn)線的車型銷量不佳而另一條線的車型暢銷的話，在舊模式下菲亞特?zé)o法進(jìn)行工人的調(diào)配。

　　The firm s employees proved this year that they are ready to compete.

　　公司員工今年證明他們已經(jīng)準(zhǔn)備好進(jìn)行競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。

　　A majority at three Italian plants voted to accept new working practices and, apart fromFiom-Cgil, all unions signed the deal.

　　3家意大利工廠的大多數(shù)工人投票接受新的工作準(zhǔn)則，并且除了Fiom-Cgil之外，其他公會(huì)都已簽了協(xié)議。

　　At a long-shuttered plant near Turin that Fiat has bought from another carmaker, 89% of theidled workers voted for the changes despite Fiom-Cgil s strong presence.

　　在都靈附近的菲亞特從另一家汽車企業(yè)收購(gòu)的長(zhǎng)期停產(chǎn)的工廠，盡管有Fiom-Cgil的強(qiáng)勢(shì)存在，仍有89%懶散的工人投票贊成變革。

　　So it can bargain directly with workers at factory level, Fiat has also decided to quitConfindustria, Italy s main employers lobby, after it offered the unions national chiefs a finalsay on pay deals.

　　菲亞特還決定退出Condindustria這個(gè)意大利最大的雇主聯(lián)合團(tuán)體，在向公會(huì)全國(guó)主席提供了一份最終的工資方案后，它可以直接在工廠層面和工人討價(jià)還價(jià)。

　　Fiat has thus made two big breaks with Italy s collective-bargaining tradition, says RobertoPedersini, a labour-relations expert.

　　勞資問(wèn)題專家Pedersini說(shuō)菲亞特這樣做打破了兩項(xiàng)意大利重要的勞資談判傳統(tǒng)。

　　First, it has repudiated industry-wide, national labour standards.

　　首先，它拒絕承認(rèn)了行業(yè)性的全國(guó)勞動(dòng)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。

　　Second, it is taking away labour protections when company-level agreements usually givemore rights to workers.

　　其次，它移除了工人的保護(hù)傘，而公司層面的協(xié)議一般給予了工人們更多權(quán)益。

　　To be rational, Fiat s Italianit has to be less dutiful.

　　理性的說(shuō)，菲亞特身上的意大利特質(zhì)讓其顯得不是那么負(fù)責(zé)任。

　　詞語(yǔ)解釋

　　1.responsibility n.責(zé)任;職責(zé)

　　It s my responsibility to lock the doors.

　　我負(fù)責(zé)鎖門。

　　2.slump n.暴跌;低潮狀態(tài)

　　Sales have slumped in the last month.

　　上月銷售量驟降。

　　3.hysteria n.歇斯特里癥;不正常的興奮

　　The abnormal, spasmodic swallowing of air, especially as a symptom of hysteria.

　　吞氣癥異常的痙攣性吞氣，特指歇斯底里的癥狀。

　　4.combine v.聯(lián)合;使結(jié)合

　　Two parties will combine to defeat the third.

　　兩黨派將聯(lián)合以擊敗第三黨。

　　5.revenue n.稅收;收入

　　National tax revenue grew by a large margin every year.

　　國(guó)家稅收連年大幅度增長(zhǎng)。

　　Fiat and Italy

　　菲亞特和意大利

　　Arrivederci, Italia?

　　拜拜，意大利?

　　Italy worries that its biggest manufacturer mayleave

　　意大利擔(dān)心它最大的制造企業(yè)可能離開(kāi)

　　Will they drum Fiat out of Italy?

　　他們抗議的鼓聲會(huì)讓菲亞特搬出意大利嗎?

　　DUTY, history, and responsibility are what keep Fiat, Italy s biggest private-sectoremployer, based at home.

　　義務(wù)、歷史和責(zé)任是讓菲亞特，這個(gè)意大利最大的私營(yíng)企業(yè)雇主留在意大利的原因。

　　Running counter to such fine notions, said the carmaker s boss, Sergio Marchionne, earlierthis year, is Fiat s need to make decisions rationally.

　　這家汽車制造商的老板馬爾喬內(nèi)今年早些時(shí)候說(shuō)，菲亞特需要背離這些良好信念從而做出理性抉擇。

　　It has lost money in Italy for years.

　　菲亞特在意國(guó)內(nèi)虧損已經(jīng)有些年了。

　　It expects things to get worse as sales slump at home.

　　隨著本土銷量萎縮，它預(yù)計(jì)情況還會(huì)更糟。

　　Small wonder that the countryregularly goes into hysteria over whether Fiat will stay.

　　小部分人感嘆在菲亞特去留的問(wèn)題上該國(guó)經(jīng)常抓狂。

　　Its takeover of Chrysler, an American carmaker, is one reason to worry.

　　菲亞特對(duì)美國(guó)汽車企業(yè)克萊斯勒的收購(gòu)是擔(dān)心的一個(gè)原因。

　　Fiat has not decided whether the combined group s headquarters will be in Turin or Detroit.

　　菲亞特還沒(méi)決定合并后的公司總部設(shè)在都靈還是底特律。

　　That may involve little more than a plaque on the wall, as the company argues.

　　該公司聲稱這事就同如何在墻上掛牌匾一樣無(wú)關(guān)宏旨。

　　But Fiat s manufacturing presence in Italy is under threat too.

　　但其在意大利的制造部門也面臨威脅。

　　Despite earning two-thirds of its revenues abroad, it still has almost half its employees and40% of its plants in Italy.

　　盡管2/3的營(yíng)收來(lái)自國(guó)外，菲亞特仍有半數(shù)的員工和40%的工廠在意大利。

　　Mr Marchionne has repeatedly threatened to shutter Italian capacity if he cannot make itproductive.

　　馬爾喬內(nèi)已經(jīng)很多次威脅說(shuō)如果不能使其充分發(fā)揮效率，他就要縮減在意大利的產(chǎn)能。

　　On October 20th Consob, Italy s stockmarket regulator, demanded details of a 2010 plancalled Fabbrica Italia, in which Fiat promised to invest 16 billion in its Italian plants over fouryears in return for new agreements on working conditions.

　　10月20日，意大利證監(jiān)機(jī)構(gòu) Consob 索要了2010年一份叫做意大利制造的計(jì)劃的詳細(xì)資料，這份計(jì)劃中菲亞特承諾4年內(nèi)向其意大利工廠投資160億歐元，以換取新的工作狀況的協(xié)議。

　　As part of this plan, it is repatriating production of the Panda, a small car, from Poland.

　　作為計(jì)劃的一部分，菲亞特將把一款小車Panda從波蘭搬回國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)。

　　But Fiat has also changed some elements:

　　但它也改了一些內(nèi)容：

　　two prestigious models it was going to bring to its Mirafiori plant in Turin will be replacedwith smaller cars.

　　原打算在都靈Mirafiori工廠生產(chǎn)的兩款受歡迎的車型將被較小的車型取代。

　　Fiat rejected Consob s demands for more detail on the plan and attacked the regulator forasking for it publicly.

　　菲亞特拒絕了Consob提出的提供更多該計(jì)劃細(xì)節(jié)的要求，并對(duì)此其公開(kāi)索要的行為進(jìn)行抨擊。

　　Maurizio Landini, secretary-general of Fiom-Cgil, a metalworkers union which has foughthard against Fiat s new working conditions, says his main fear is that Fabbrica Italia onlyexists on paper.

　　五金工人聯(lián)合會(huì)Fiom-Cgil強(qiáng)烈反對(duì)菲亞特的新工作狀況，該組織秘書(shū)長(zhǎng)Landini說(shuō)他主要擔(dān)心意大利制造將只是一紙空文。

　　He claims that Fiat is basing the development of its most innovative future projects, such ashybrid and electric cars, in America.

　　他聲稱菲亞特正把其最有創(chuàng)造力的未來(lái)項(xiàng)目，如混合動(dòng)力和電動(dòng)車，的發(fā)展放在美國(guó)。

　　Fiat s Italian plants are 15-20% less efficient than those of competitors elsewhere in Europe.

　　菲亞特意大利工廠比歐洲其它競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手的效率低15-20%。

　　Its Polish, Serbian and Turkish plants run at more than 70% of their capacity, whereasItalian ones run at 33%.

　　其在波蘭、塞爾維亞和土耳其的工廠的生產(chǎn)率超過(guò)產(chǎn)能的70%，而意大利的工廠只有33%。

　　Flexibility has been the firm s main problem.

　　靈活性成了該公司最大的問(wèn)題。

　　For example, if a car on one production line sold badly and a model on another line sold wellFiat could not move workers across under the old rules.

　　舉例來(lái)說(shuō)，如果一條生產(chǎn)線的車型銷量不佳而另一條線的車型暢銷的話，在舊模式下菲亞特?zé)o法進(jìn)行工人的調(diào)配。

　　The firm s employees proved this year that they are ready to compete.

　　公司員工今年證明他們已經(jīng)準(zhǔn)備好進(jìn)行競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。

　　A majority at three Italian plants voted to accept new working practices and, apart fromFiom-Cgil, all unions signed the deal.

　　3家意大利工廠的大多數(shù)工人投票接受新的工作準(zhǔn)則，并且除了Fiom-Cgil之外，其他公會(huì)都已簽了協(xié)議。

　　At a long-shuttered plant near Turin that Fiat has bought from another carmaker, 89% of theidled workers voted for the changes despite Fiom-Cgil s strong presence.

　　在都靈附近的菲亞特從另一家汽車企業(yè)收購(gòu)的長(zhǎng)期停產(chǎn)的工廠，盡管有Fiom-Cgil的強(qiáng)勢(shì)存在，仍有89%懶散的工人投票贊成變革。

　　So it can bargain directly with workers at factory level, Fiat has also decided to quitConfindustria, Italy s main employers lobby, after it offered the unions national chiefs a finalsay on pay deals.

　　菲亞特還決定退出Condindustria這個(gè)意大利最大的雇主聯(lián)合團(tuán)體，在向公會(huì)全國(guó)主席提供了一份最終的工資方案后，它可以直接在工廠層面和工人討價(jià)還價(jià)。

　　Fiat has thus made two big breaks with Italy s collective-bargaining tradition, says RobertoPedersini, a labour-relations expert.

　　勞資問(wèn)題專家Pedersini說(shuō)菲亞特這樣做打破了兩項(xiàng)意大利重要的勞資談判傳統(tǒng)。

　　First, it has repudiated industry-wide, national labour standards.

　　首先，它拒絕承認(rèn)了行業(yè)性的全國(guó)勞動(dòng)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。

　　Second, it is taking away labour protections when company-level agreements usually givemore rights to workers.

　　其次，它移除了工人的保護(hù)傘，而公司層面的協(xié)議一般給予了工人們更多權(quán)益。

　　To be rational, Fiat s Italianit has to be less dutiful.

　　理性的說(shuō)，菲亞特身上的意大利特質(zhì)讓其顯得不是那么負(fù)責(zé)任。

　　詞語(yǔ)解釋

　　1.responsibility n.責(zé)任;職責(zé)

　　It s my responsibility to lock the doors.

　　我負(fù)責(zé)鎖門。

　　2.slump n.暴跌;低潮狀態(tài)

　　Sales have slumped in the last month.

　　上月銷售量驟降。

　　3.hysteria n.歇斯特里癥;不正常的興奮

　　The abnormal, spasmodic swallowing of air, especially as a symptom of hysteria.

　　吞氣癥異常的痙攣性吞氣，特指歇斯底里的癥狀。

　　4.combine v.聯(lián)合;使結(jié)合

　　Two parties will combine to defeat the third.

　　兩黨派將聯(lián)合以擊敗第三黨。

　　5.revenue n.稅收;收入

　　National tax revenue grew by a large margin every year.

　　國(guó)家稅收連年大幅度增長(zhǎng)。